"100 Common Diagnoses in Obstetrics and Gynecology: A Comprehensive Guide"

 "100 Common Diagnoses in Obstetrics and Gynecology: A Comprehensive Guide"

Here’s a list of 100 common diagnoses in obstetrics and gynecology, grouped into various categories such as pregnancy-related conditions, menstrual disorders, infertility, pelvic floor disorders, reproductive cancers, gynecological infections, and others.

1. Pregnancy-Related Conditions

Diagnosis	Description
1. Pregnancy (Normal)	The state of carrying a developing fetus in the uterus.
2. Ectopic Pregnancy	Implantation of a fertilized egg outside the uterus, commonly in the fallopian tubes.
3. Gestational Diabetes	High blood sugar levels during pregnancy.
4. Preeclampsia	High blood pressure and signs of damage to organs, such as the liver or kidneys, during pregnancy.
5. Placenta Previa	The placenta covers the cervix, increasing the risk of bleeding during pregnancy.
6. Placental Abruption	Premature separation of the placenta from the uterus, causing bleeding and risk to the baby.
7. Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)	A condition where a fetus grows more slowly than expected.
8. Gestational Hypertension	High blood pressure during pregnancy without protein in the urine.
9. Hyperemesis Gravidarum	Severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy.
10. Rh Incompatibility	A condition where a mother's immune system attacks the red blood cells of the fetus.
11. Oligohydramnios	Low amniotic fluid levels during pregnancy.
12. Polyhydramnios	Excess amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus.
13. Preterm Labor	Labor that begins before 37 weeks of pregnancy.
14. Miscarriage (Spontaneous Abortion)	Loss of a pregnancy before 20 weeks.
15. Stillbirth	Fetal death after 20 weeks of pregnancy.
16. HELLP Syndrome	A severe form of preeclampsia involving hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets.
17. Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome	A condition in identical twins where blood flows unevenly between the babies through shared placental vessels.
18. Anemia in Pregnancy	Low red blood cell count during pregnancy.
19. Chorioamnionitis	Infection of the placental tissues and amniotic fluid.
20. Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM)	Early breaking of the amniotic sac before labor starts.

2. Menstrual Disorders

Diagnosis	Description
21. Dysmenorrhea	Painful menstruation or cramps during periods.
22. Amenorrhea	Absence of menstruation, either primary (never started) or secondary (stopped after starting).
23. Menorrhagia	Heavy or prolonged menstrual bleeding.
24. Oligomenorrhea	Infrequent or irregular menstrual periods.
25. Polymenorrhea	Frequent menstrual cycles, typically less than 21 days apart.
26. Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)	Physical and emotional symptoms before menstruation.
27. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD)	A severe form of PMS causing significant emotional and physical symptoms.
28. Anovulation	Absence of ovulation, often leading to irregular or absent periods.
29. Metrorrhagia	Bleeding between menstrual periods.
30. Postmenopausal Bleeding	Bleeding occurring after menopause, which requires further investigation.

3. Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology

Diagnosis	Description
31. Infertility	Inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse.
32. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)	Hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts and irregular periods.
33. Endometriosis	Presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus, causing pain and infertility.
34. Hypothyroidism	Low thyroid hormone levels affecting ovulation and fertility.
35. Hyperprolactinemia	Elevated prolactin levels, causing irregular periods and infertility.
36. Luteal Phase Defect	A condition affecting the uterine lining’s ability to support a pregnancy.
37. Premature Ovarian Insufficiency	Early depletion of ovarian follicles before age 40, leading to infertility.
38. Male Factor Infertility	Infertility caused by issues with sperm count, motility, or quality.
39. Uterine Fibroids	Non-cancerous growths in the uterus that can cause infertility and heavy periods.
40. Asherman’s Syndrome	Uterine adhesions or scar tissue that can cause infertility or miscarriage.

4. Pelvic Floor Disorders

Diagnosis	Description
41. Pelvic Organ Prolapse	Dropping of pelvic organs into the vaginal canal due to weakened support tissues.
42. Stress Urinary Incontinence	Involuntary leakage of urine during activities like coughing or sneezing.
43. Urge Incontinence	Sudden, strong urge to urinate, followed by involuntary leakage.
44. Mixed Urinary Incontinence	Combination of stress and urge incontinence.
45. Pelvic Pain	Chronic or intermittent pain in the pelvic area, often due to various causes.
46. Vulvodynia	Chronic pain or discomfort around the vulva without an identifiable cause.
47. Interstitial Cystitis (Bladder Pain Syndrome)	Chronic pain in the bladder and pelvic region.
48. Dyspareunia	Pain during intercourse, often due to various gynecological or psychological causes.
49. Vaginal Atrophy (Atrophic Vaginitis)	Thinning and inflammation of vaginal walls due to decreased estrogen, common in postmenopausal women.
50. Pelvic Floor Dysfunction	Impairment of the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments leading to incontinence or prolapse.

5. Reproductive Cancers

Diagnosis	Description
51. Cervical Cancer	Malignant tumor of the cervix, often related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
52. Ovarian Cancer	Cancer arising from the ovaries, often detected in advanced stages.
53. Endometrial Cancer	Cancer of the lining of the uterus, common in postmenopausal women.
54. Vulvar Cancer	Rare cancer of the external female genitalia.
55. Vaginal Cancer	Cancer of the vagina, a rare form of gynecologic cancer.
56. Breast Cancer	Cancer of the breast tissue, one of the most common cancers among women.
57. Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (GTD)	A group of rare tumors involving abnormal growth of cells inside the uterus.
58. Ovarian Germ Cell Tumor	A type of ovarian cancer that begins in the egg cells.
59. Fallopian Tube Cancer	Rare cancer that starts in the fallopian tubes.
60. Choriocarcinoma	A malignant form of gestational trophoblastic disease.

6. Gynecological Infections and Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

Diagnosis	Description
61. Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)	Overgrowth of bacteria in the vagina causing discharge and odor.
62. Yeast Infection (Candidiasis)	Fungal infection of the vagina causing itching, discharge, and irritation.
63. Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)	Infection of the reproductive organs, often caused by sexually transmitted bacteria.
64. Chlamydia	A common STI caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis.
65. Gonorrhea	STI caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae, leading to infections in the reproductive tract.
66. Trichomoniasis	A parasitic STI causing vaginal discharge and itching.
67. Genital Herpes	Viral infection causing painful sores and blisters in the genital area.
68. Human Papillomavirus (HPV)	A viral STI that can cause genital warts and is linked to cervical cancer.
69. Syphilis	A bacterial STI causing sores, rashes, and potentially severe long-term health problems if untreated.
70. HIV/AIDS	A viral infection that attacks the immune system, leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
71. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)	Bacterial infection of the urinary tract, causing pain, burning, and frequent urination.
72. Group B Strep Infection in Pregnancy	A bacterial infection that can be passed to the baby during childbirth.
73. Cervicitis	Inflammation of the cervix, often due to infection.
74. Molluscum Contagiosum	A viral skin infection causing small, raised lesions, often sexually transmitted.
75. Lichen Sclerosus	A skin disorder affecting the vulva, causing white patches and scarring.

7. Other Gynecological Conditions

Diagnosis	Description
76. Fibroadenoma	A benign breast lump common in younger women.
77. Adenomyosis	Thickening of the uterine walls due to endometrial tissue growing into the muscle layer.
78. Ovarian Cysts	Fluid-filled sacs in the ovary, which may cause pain or remain asymptomatic.
79. Hydrosalpinx	Blocked fallopian tube filled with fluid, often due to prior infection or surgery.
80. Hirsutism	Excessive hair growth in women in areas where men typically grow hair, due to hormonal imbalance.
81. Chronic Pelvic Pain	Persistent pain in the lower abdomen and pelvic region.
82. Bartholin’s Cyst/Abscess	Blockage of the Bartholin gland, leading to a fluid-filled cyst or infection.
83. Vulvar Vestibulitis	Pain and inflammation at the entrance of the vagina.
84. Congenital Uterine Anomalies	Structural abnormalities in the uterus present from birth, such as a bicornuate uterus.
85. Hematocolpos	Accumulation of menstrual blood in the vagina due to an obstruction, like an imperforate hymen.
86. Mullerian Agenesis	Absence or underdevelopment of the uterus and upper vagina.
87. Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome (AIS)	A condition where a person who is genetically male is resistant to male hormones, leading to female physical traits.
88. Endometrial Hyperplasia	Thickening of the uterine lining, sometimes a precursor to endometrial cancer.
89. Uterine Septum	A congenital anomaly where a fibrous or muscular wall divides the uterine cavity.
90. Vaginal Agenesis	Absence of a functional vagina, often due to congenital anomalies.
91. Interstitial Pregnancy	An ectopic pregnancy located in the part of the fallopian tube embedded in the uterus.
92. Cystocele	Prolapse of the bladder into the vaginal canal due to weakened pelvic floor muscles.
93. Rectocele	Prolapse of the rectum into the vaginal canal.
94. Vaginismus	Involuntary contraction of vaginal muscles, making intercourse or penetration painful.
95. Uterine Inversion	The uterus turns inside out, often after childbirth, and requires emergency treatment.
96. Lichen Planus	An inflammatory condition affecting mucous membranes, including the vagina and vulva.
97. Leiomyoma (Fibroids)	Benign tumors of the uterus causing heavy bleeding and pain.
98. Ovarian Torsion	Twisting of the ovary, cutting off blood supply and causing severe pain.
99. Hyperplasia of Breast Tissue	Excessive growth of breast tissue, often benign but sometimes linked to hormonal imbalances.
100. Dermoid Cyst	A benign ovarian tumor containing tissue like hair, fat, or bone.

This comprehensive list covers a broad spectrum of common obstetric and gynecological diagnoses that clinicians may encounter in their practice.